Sikhism

Sikhism is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent in the 15th century. It was founded by Guru Nanak and is based on his teachings, as well as those of the nine Sikh gurus who succeeded him.

Beliefs

• One God: Sikhs believe in one, timeless, and formless God who is the creator of the universe.
• Equality: Sikhism emphasizes the equality of all humans regardless of race, gender, or social status.
• Community service: Sikhs are encouraged to engage in seva, or selfless service, to help those in need.
• Reincarnation: Sikhs believe in the cycle of birth and rebirth and the concept of karma.

Practices

• Worship: Sikhs gather at a gurdwara, or Sikh temple, to participate in congregational worship, which includes the singing of hymns and the recitation of prayers from the Guru Granth Sahib, the Sikh holy scripture.
• Five Ks: Sikhs are expected to adhere to the Five Ks - Kesh (uncut hair), Kangha (a wooden comb), Kara (an iron bracelet), Kachera (cotton undergarments), and Kirpan (a ceremonial sword).
• Langar: Sikhs practice langar, a communal meal where all people, regardless of background, sit together and eat a vegetarian meal prepared and served by volunteers.

Significance

Sikhism has had a significant impact on Indian society and culture, promoting the principles of equality, social justice, and selfless service. The community has also faced challenges and discrimination, particularly in the context of the partition of India and the 1984 anti-Sikh riots.

Study Guide Questions

1. Who is the founder of Sikhism?
2. What are the key beliefs of Sikhism?
3. What are the Five Ks and why are they important to Sikhs?
4. What is langar and why is it significant in Sikhism?
5. How has Sikhism influenced Indian society and culture?