Virginia Standards of Learning for First Grade English Language Arts

Capitalizing IWhat does Capitalizing ‘I’ Mean? I is a special pronoun that takes the place of your own name. Your own name always begins with a capital, so when you are talking about yourself you use capital I. But you do not need a capital m when you call yourself me. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1
ContractionsWhat is a Contraction? A contraction is really two words squeezed together to make a new word. Some of the letters from one or both of the words go away and a special mark called an apostrophe goes in their place. Read more...iWorksheets: 5Study Guides: 1
Periods and Question MarksA period is a special end mark for a sentence that tells. It looks like a round circle. Read more...iWorksheets: 7Study Guides: 1
PronounsWhat is a Pronoun? A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. E.g. I, you we, it, they, someone. Read more...iWorksheets: 6Study Guides: 1
Complete SentencesA complete sentence is a group of words in speaking order. The words tell a complete idea. They tell the whole idea. A complete sentence tells who or what the idea is about. It also tells what happens. Read more...iWorksheets: 5Study Guides: 1
Three Step DirectionsWhat is Logical Order? Logical order is how things happen in real life. Read more...iWorksheets: 3Study Guides: 1

VA.R.1. Reading

1.3. The student will orally identify, produce, and manipulate various phonemes within words to develop phonological and phonemic awareness.

1.3.a. Create rhyming words.
Rhyming WordsTo rhyme, words must have the same vowel sound and the same ending sounds. Read more...iWorksheets :5Study Guides :1
Rhyming WordsRhyming words have the same vowel sound and the same ending sounds. Examples: hat - bat - cat. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Logical OrderWhat are Three-Step Directions? Three-step directions are actions you take to do a job. You follow them in three steps to do the job well. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.3.b. Count phonemes (sounds) in one-syllable words.
SyllablesFreeWhat are Syllables? Syllables are parts of words. Each part of a word has one vowel sound in it. Be careful! You may see more than one vowel letter, but still hear only one vowel sound. Read more...iWorksheets :7Study Guides :1

1.5. The student will apply phonetic principles to read and spell.

1.5.a. Use initial and final consonants to decode and spell one- syllable words.
Beginning SoundsFreeBeginning sounds are the letter sounds you hear at the beginning of a word. Read more...iWorksheets :5Study Guides :1
Ending SoundsWhat are Ending Sounds? Many words sound almost the same. The sound you hear at the end of a word is important. Listen carefully to hear the end of each word. Say the sound at the end of each word. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
1.5.b. Use two-letter consonant blends to decode and spell one-syllable words.
Beginning DigraphsMany words begin with a digraph. That means two letters come together and make a brand new sound. You cannot sound out the word by using each letter’s sound because they have changed into a new sound. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Consonant Blends and DigraphsWhat is a Consonant Blend? When two consonants come together in a word but still make their own sounds, we call that a blend. Read more...iWorksheets :8Study Guides :1
Words with Initial BlendsA blend means two letters are read together to make a smooth sound. Each one still makes its own sound. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ending DigraphsSpelling is easy when you recognize special digraphs. Here are some words you should know that end with digraphs. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.5.c. Use consonant digraphs to decode and spell one-syllable words.
Beginning DigraphsMany words begin with a digraph. That means two letters come together and make a brand new sound. You cannot sound out the word by using each letter’s sound because they have changed into a new sound. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Consonant Blends and DigraphsWhat is a Consonant Blend? When two consonants come together in a word but still make their own sounds, we call that a blend. Read more...iWorksheets :8Study Guides :1
Words with Initial BlendsA blend means two letters are read together to make a smooth sound. Each one still makes its own sound. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Ending DigraphsSpelling is easy when you recognize special digraphs. Here are some words you should know that end with digraphs. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.5.d. Use short vowel sounds to decode and spell one-syllable words.
Long/Short VowelsWhat is meant by long or short vowels? Long vowels are the vowels that say their own names. Short vowel sounds do not say their names. Here’s a rule to help you know when to make a short vowel sound: A vowel is usually short if it comes at the beginning of a word or between two consonants and is the only vowel in the word or syllable. A vowel is usually long if two vowels are in the word or syllable. The first vowel is long and the second is silent. Remember when two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Long and Short Vowel DiscriminationA vowel is long when it says its own name. In a dictionary or glossary it will have a straight line over it. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Long Vowel - Silent eLong vowels say their own names in many words. They have a special helper called Silent e that makes them say their own name. Read more...iWorksheets :5Study Guides :1
Words with -ce and -seWhat are the sounds of -ce and -se? Listen carefully to the sound of s and soft c in each word: ace, case. They sound almost exactly the same. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Short Vowel DiscriminationDiscriminating between short vowel sounds with one syllable words. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Short Vowel SoundWhat is a Short Vowel? The vowels are the letters, a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y. Vowels make special sounds in words. They make a sound we call short. Look at these words. They all have the short vowel sound. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.5.e. Blend initial, medial, and final sounds to recognize and read words.
Beginning SoundsFreeBeginning sounds are the letter sounds you hear at the beginning of a word. Read more...iWorksheets :5Study Guides :1
Ending SoundsWhat are Ending Sounds? Many words sound almost the same. The sound you hear at the end of a word is important. Listen carefully to hear the end of each word. Say the sound at the end of each word. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
1.5.g. Read and spell simple two-syllable compound words.
GrammarGrammar is the subject which tells how to speak and write correctly. It is a set of rules that define the structure of a language. Here are some grammar rules you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Categorizing WordsTo categorize means to put words into groups that belong together. A category is a group. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Compound WordsWhat are Compound Words? Any word made up of two small words is a compound word. Examples: foot + ball = football. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Compound WordsWhat is a Compound Word? A Compound Word is a word that is composed of two or more separate words. Examples: sea + shell = seashell, basket + ball = basketball. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.5.h. Read and spell commonly used sight words.
High Frequency Words IIWhat are High Frequency Words? These are words you need to know at sight. That means you read them without trying to sound them out. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Sight Words IISight words are the words a second grader should be able to recognize instantly and spell easily. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
High Frequency Words IWhat are High Frequency Words? High frequency words are the sight words you need to know instantly. You do not need to sound them out or look them up in a dictionary. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
High Frequency Words IIHigh frequency words are the words you need to recognize instantly. You do not have to figure them out, sound them out, or look them up in a dictionary. You just need to know them instantly. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
High Frequency Words IFreeHigh frequency words are the sight words you need to know as soon as you see them. Good readers do not need to sound them out. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Long Vowel - Silent eLong vowels say their own names in many words. They have a special helper called Silent e that makes them say their own name. Read more...iWorksheets :5Study Guides :1
Words with -ce and -seWhat are the sounds of -ce and -se? Listen carefully to the sound of s and soft c in each word: ace, case. They sound almost exactly the same. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Sight Words IVWhat are sight words? Sight words are the words every second grader should be able to read quickly and spell easily. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Sight Words IIISight words are words a second grader should be able to read quickly and spell easily. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Sight Words IAppropriate words for spelling and definitions for 2nd graders. Read more...iWorksheets :3
Frequently Misspelled WordsWords that are often misspelled and some hints to help you spell them. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

1.6. The student will use semantic clues and syntax for support when reading.

1.6.b. Use titles and pictures.
Logical OrderWhat are Three-Step Directions? Three-step directions are actions you take to do a job. You follow them in three steps to do the job well. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Finding InformationHow do Charts and Illustrations Help You? Charts and illustrations are special tools to help you find information easily. They are arranged in a way that puts all the information together so that it is clear and easy to read. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Main IdeaWhat is a Main Idea in a Visual Message? Pictures and actions send messages without words. Here are some you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

1.7. The student will expand vocabulary and use of word meanings.

1.7.a. Discuss meanings of words in context.
Context CluesWhat are Context Clues? When you are reading, you will come to words you do not know. You can learn the meaning of those words by looking for the clues in the sentence around that word. The clues will help you understand the meaning of the new word even if you cannot pronounce it. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Categorizing WordsTo categorize means to put words into groups that belong together. A category is a group. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Challenge WordsWhat are some of the most difficult words a second grader must learn to spell? Here are some words you should know how to spell and some hints to help you remember. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.7.d. Use text clues such as words or pictures to discern meanings of unknown words.
Context CluesWhat are Context Clues? When you are reading, you will come to words you do not know. You can learn the meaning of those words by looking for the clues in the sentence around that word. The clues will help you understand the meaning of the new word even if you cannot pronounce it. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Logical OrderWhat are Three-Step Directions? Three-step directions are actions you take to do a job. You follow them in three steps to do the job well. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Finding InformationHow do Charts and Illustrations Help You? Charts and illustrations are special tools to help you find information easily. They are arranged in a way that puts all the information together so that it is clear and easy to read. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Main IdeaWhat is a Main Idea in a Visual Message? Pictures and actions send messages without words. Here are some you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.7.f. Use singular and plural nouns.
GrammarGrammar is the subject which tells how to speak and write correctly. It is a set of rules that define the structure of a language. Here are some grammar rules you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Categorizing WordsTo categorize means to put words into groups that belong together. A category is a group. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Plural Ending -esPlural endings adding -es for words ending in sh, ch, x, and z. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
NounsWhat are Nouns? Nouns are words used to identify ideas, actions, qualities, persons, places, or things, or to name a particular one of these. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
1.7.g. Use adjectives to describe nouns.
GrammarGrammar is the subject which tells how to speak and write correctly. It is a set of rules that define the structure of a language. Here are some grammar rules you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Categorizing WordsTo categorize means to put words into groups that belong together. A category is a group. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.7.h. Use verbs to identify actions.
GrammarGrammar is the subject which tells how to speak and write correctly. It is a set of rules that define the structure of a language. Here are some grammar rules you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
VerbsA verb is a word that shows action or state of being. Read more...iWorksheets :5Study Guides :1
Categorizing WordsTo categorize means to put words into groups that belong together. A category is a group. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

1.8. The student will use simple reference materials.

1.8.a. Use knowledge of alphabetical order by first letter.
GrammarGrammar is the subject which tells how to speak and write correctly. It is a set of rules that define the structure of a language. Here are some grammar rules you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
AlphabetizingFreeWhat is Alphabetizing? You alphabetize when you put words in order by using the alphabet. Words that begin with ‘a’ come first. Words that begin with ‘z’ must be last when you are alphabetizing. Read more...iWorksheets :4Study Guides :1
Categorizing WordsTo categorize means to put words into groups that belong together. A category is a group. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

1.9. The student will read and demonstrate comprehension of a variety of fictional texts.

1.9.d. Make and confirm predictions.
PredictionsA prediction is what you think will happen next. You do not just guess. You use clues in the picture to decide what will happen next. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
Logical OrderWhat are Three-Step Directions? Three-step directions are actions you take to do a job. You follow them in three steps to do the job well. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Predicting EndingsWhat Does it Mean to Predict Endings? When you read, you try to make sense of what you are reading. When you write, you need to make sense in what you are writing. When you predict an ending, you try to think of the most sensible way for the story to end. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.9.f. Identify characters, setting, and important events.
SettingsWhat are Settings? Settings are places. <br>Schools, homes, a zoo, a street, a town or city are all settings. <br>Try this! Find a setting: a] girl b] horse c] house d] mouse Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Real or FantasyWhat is real and what is fantasy? When you read or write, you hear or tell about real things. But sometimes you read or write about things that can not really happen. This is what we call fantasy. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Story ElementsWhat are the Elements of a Story? Story elements are plot, setting, and characters. Use information gained from the illustrations and words in a print or digital text to demonstrate understanding of its characters, setting, or plot. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
1.9.g. Retell stories and events, using beginning, middle, and end in a sequential order.
Story RetellRetell means "tell it again." When you hear or read a story, you try to remember the important parts. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Beginning, Middle, and EndWhy Do We Need to Learn about Beginning, Middle and End? When you read a good story, you enjoy it if it was written well. To write well, you should follow the rules of beginning, middle, and end to make it a good story. The writing process helps you have a good beginning, middle, and end. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

1.10. The student will read and demonstrate comprehension of a variety of nonfiction texts.

1.10.d. Identify text features such as pictures, headings, charts, and captions.
Logical OrderWhat are Three-Step Directions? Three-step directions are actions you take to do a job. You follow them in three steps to do the job well. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Finding InformationHow do Charts and Illustrations Help You? Charts and illustrations are special tools to help you find information easily. They are arranged in a way that puts all the information together so that it is clear and easy to read. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Main IdeaWhat is a Main Idea in a Visual Message? Pictures and actions send messages without words. Here are some you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.10.e. Make and confirm predictions.
PredictionsA prediction is what you think will happen next. You do not just guess. You use clues in the picture to decide what will happen next. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
Logical OrderWhat are Three-Step Directions? Three-step directions are actions you take to do a job. You follow them in three steps to do the job well. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Predicting EndingsWhat Does it Mean to Predict Endings? When you read, you try to make sense of what you are reading. When you write, you need to make sense in what you are writing. When you predict an ending, you try to think of the most sensible way for the story to end. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
1.10.g. Identify the main idea.
Main IdeaA main idea is the most important part of a sentence or story. It tells you what it's all about. When you write or read, you keep the main idea in mind. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

VA.W.1. Writing

1.12. The student will write in a variety of forms to include narrative, descriptive, and opinion.

1.12.g. Use letters to phonetically spell words.
Long Vowel - Silent eLong vowels say their own names in many words. They have a special helper called Silent e that makes them say their own name. Read more...iWorksheets :5Study Guides :1
Words with -ce and -seWhat are the sounds of -ce and -se? Listen carefully to the sound of s and soft c in each word: ace, case. They sound almost exactly the same. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
SpellingFreeSpelling: forming words with the correct letters in the correct order. Spelling three or four letter words. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
Frequently Misspelled WordsWords that are often misspelled and some hints to help you spell them. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

1.13. The student will edit writing for capitalization, punctuation, and spelling.

1.13.c. Use correct spelling for commonly used sight words and phonetically regular words.
Long Vowel - Silent eLong vowels say their own names in many words. They have a special helper called Silent e that makes them say their own name. Read more...iWorksheets :5Study Guides :1
Words with -ce and -seWhat are the sounds of -ce and -se? Listen carefully to the sound of s and soft c in each word: ace, case. They sound almost exactly the same. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
SpellingFreeSpelling: forming words with the correct letters in the correct order. Spelling three or four letter words. Read more...iWorksheets :6Study Guides :1
Frequently Misspelled WordsWords that are often misspelled and some hints to help you spell them. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

VA.Re.1. Research

1.14. The student will conduct research to answer questions or solve problems using available resources.

1.14.c. Identify pictures, texts, or people as sources of information.
Logical OrderWhat are Three-Step Directions? Three-step directions are actions you take to do a job. You follow them in three steps to do the job well. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1
Main IdeaWhat is a Main Idea in a Visual Message? Pictures and actions send messages without words. Here are some you should know. Read more...iWorksheets :3Study Guides :1

Standards

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