California Content Standards
CA.6. World History and Geography: Ancient Civilizations
6.7. Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures during the development of Rome.
6.7.1. Identify the location and describe the rise of the Roman Republic, including the importance of such mythical and historical figures as Aeneas, Romulus and Remus, Cincinnatus, Julius Caesar, and Cicero.
6.7.2. Describe the government of the Roman Republic and its significance (e.g., written constitution and tripartite government, checks and balances, civic duty).
6.7.3. Identify the location of and the political and geographic reasons for the growth of Roman territories and expansion of the empire, including how the empire fostered economic growth through the use of currency and trade routes.
6.7.4. Discuss the influence of Julius Caesar and Augustus in Rome's transition from republic to empire.
6.7.7. Describe the circumstances that led to the spread of Christianity in Europe and other Roman territories.
6.7.8. Discuss the legacies of Roman art and architecture, technology and science, literature, language, and law.
CA.6-8.HSSA. Historical and Social Sciences Analysis Skills: The intellectual skills noted below are to be learned through, and applied to, the content standards for grades six through eight. They are to be assessed only in conjunction with the content standards in grades six through eight. In addition to the standards for grades six through eight, students demonstrate the following intellectual reasoning, reflection, and research skills.
6-8.CST. Chronological and Spatial Thinking
6-8.CST.1. Students explain how major events are related to one another in time.
6-8.CST.3. Students use a variety of maps and documents to identify physical and cultural features of neighborhoods, cities, states, and countries and to explain the historical migration of people, expansion and disintegration of empires, and the growth of economic systems.
6-8.REP. Research, Evidence, and Point
6-8.REP.1. Students frame questions that can be answered by historical study and research.
6-8.HI. Historical Interpretation
6-8.HI.1. Students explain the central issues and problems from the past, placing people and events in a matrix of time and place.
6-8.HI.2. Students understand and distinguish cause, effect, sequence, and correlation in historical events, including the long-and short-term causal relations.
6-8.HI.3. Students explain the sources of historical continuity and how the combination of ideas and events explains the emergence of new patterns.
6-8.HI.4. Students recognize the role of chance, oversight, and error in history.
6-8.HI.5. Students recognize that interpretations of history are subject to change as new information is uncovered.
CA.CC.RH.6-8. Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Studies
Craft and Structure
RH.6-8.4. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies.
RH.6-8.5. Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally).
Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity
RH.6-8.10. By the end of grade 8, read and comprehend history/social studies texts in the grades 6–8 text complexity band independently and proficiently.