Sodium Chloride

Sodium chloride, also known as table salt, is a compound with the chemical formula NaCl. It is composed of two elements, sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl), which are bonded together through ionic bonding. Sodium chloride is a crucial compound for many biological processes and is essential for life.

Structure

The structure of sodium chloride consists of a crystal lattice arrangement, where each sodium ion is surrounded by six chloride ions, and each chloride ion is surrounded by six sodium ions. This arrangement forms a stable and orderly crystal structure.

Role in Biology

Sodium chloride plays a vital role in biological systems. It is essential for maintaining proper fluid balance in the body, transmitting nerve impulses, and contracting muscles. Additionally, sodium chloride is involved in the transportation of nutrients into cells and the removal of waste products from cells.

Study Guide

1. Define sodium chloride and state its chemical formula.
2. Explain the type of bonding present in sodium chloride.
3. Describe the crystal lattice structure of sodium chloride.
4. Discuss the role of sodium chloride in biological processes.
5. Explain the importance of sodium chloride in maintaining fluid balance in the body.
6. Describe the involvement of sodium chloride in nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction.
7. Discuss the significance of sodium chloride in nutrient transportation and waste removal in cells.