Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity

• The nasal cavity is divided into two halves by the nasal septum.
• The roof of the nasal cavity is formed by the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
• The floor is formed by the hard palate, which separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity.

Functions of the Nasal Cavity

• Air Filtration: The nasal cavity filters out dust, pollen, and other particles from the air we breathe, preventing them from entering the respiratory system.
• Warming and Humidifying: The nasal cavity warms and humidifies the air, preparing it for the delicate structures of the lower respiratory system.
• Olfaction: The olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity is responsible for our sense of smell.

Structures within the Nasal Cavity

• Conchae: The nasal conchae are bony shelves that protrude from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity, increasing its surface area and helping to filter and humidify the air.
• Mucous Membrane: The nasal cavity is lined with a mucous membrane that contains cilia, which trap particles and move them toward the pharynx to be swallowed or expectorated.
• Olfactory Epithelium: This specialized tissue is located in the upper part of the nasal cavity and is responsible for detecting odors.

Disorders of the Nasal Cavity

• Sinusitis: Inflammation of the nasal sinuses, often resulting in congestion, pain, and difficulty breathing.
• Nasal Polyps: Soft, painless, noncancerous growths on the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses.
• Deviated Septum: A condition in which the nasal septum is significantly off-center, causing breathing difficulties.