Subduction

Subduction is a geological process in which one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate and sinks into the mantle as the plates converge. This process is a key component of plate tectonics and is responsible for the formation of deep ocean trenches, volcanic arcs, and earthquakes.

Key Concepts

1. Tectonic Plates: Subduction occurs at convergent plate boundaries where two tectonic plates move towards each other.
2. Oceanic Crust and Continental Crust: Subduction commonly involves the oceanic crust being forced beneath the lighter continental crust, leading to the formation of volcanic arcs and mountain ranges.
3. Earthquakes and Volcanoes: Subduction zones are characterized by intense seismic activity and volcanic eruptions due to the interaction between the descending plate and the overlying plate.
4. Mantle Convection: Subduction is driven by the process of mantle convection, where the heat from the Earth's interior causes the mantle to circulate and drive the movement of tectonic plates.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to focus on when studying subduction:

• Identify the characteristics of tectonic plate boundaries and the forces that drive their movement.
• Explain the differences between oceanic and continental crust, and how subduction affects these types of crust.
• Describe the geological features associated with subduction zones, such as deep ocean trenches and volcanic arcs.
• Understand the relationship between subduction and seismic activity, including the causes of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in subduction zones.
• Explore the role of mantle convection in driving subduction and its impact on the Earth's surface.

By mastering these concepts, you will develop a comprehensive understanding of subduction and its significance in shaping the Earth's geology and natural processes.