The Water Cycle

Introduction to the Water Cycle

The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle, is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. It involves the processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and transpiration.

Key Processes in the Water Cycle

• Evaporation: The process by which water is converted from liquid to vapor and released into the atmosphere from the Earth's surface, such as from oceans, lakes, and rivers.
• Condensation: The process by which water vapor in the atmosphere is converted into liquid water, forming clouds.
• Precipitation: The release of water, in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail, from clouds onto the Earth's surface.
• Transpiration: The release of water vapor from plants into the atmosphere through their leaves.

Stages of the Water Cycle

1. Evaporation and Transpiration: Water is evaporated from the Earth's surface and transpired from plants, entering the atmosphere as water vapor.
2. Condensation: Water vapor in the atmosphere condenses to form clouds.
3. Precipitation: Water falls from the clouds in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
4. Runoff and Infiltration: Precipitated water either runs off the surface into water bodies or infiltrates into the soil, eventually returning to the oceans or groundwater.

Importance of the Water Cycle

The water cycle is essential for maintaining the Earth's water balance and supporting life. It replenishes freshwater sources, sustains ecosystems, and influences weather patterns and climate.

Study Tips

• Review the key processes of the water cycle - evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and transpiration.
• Understand the stages of the water cycle and the movement of water through the atmosphere, on the Earth's surface, and underground.
• Learn about the factors that influence the water cycle, such as temperature, humidity, and wind patterns.
• Explore real-life examples of the water cycle in action, such as the formation of clouds, rainfall, and the flow of rivers.
• Practice using diagrams or models to visualize and explain the water cycle.