Antacids

Antacids are a class of medications that are used to neutralize excess stomach acid. They are commonly used to treat symptoms of acid reflux, heartburn, and indigestion. Antacids work by raising the pH of the stomach contents, which helps to provide relief from the discomfort caused by acidic gastric juices.

Mechanism of Action

Antacids contain alkaline compounds such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, or sodium bicarbonate. These compounds react with the excess stomach acid to form neutral salts and water, thereby reducing the acidity of the stomach contents.

Commonly Used Antacids

Some commonly used antacids include:

• Aluminum hydroxide
• Magnesium hydroxide
• Calcium carbonate
• Sodium bicarbonate

Indications

Antacids are indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with:

• Acid reflux
• Heartburn
• Indigestion
• Stomach ulcers

Side Effects

Common side effects of antacids may include:

• Constipation (with aluminum-containing antacids)
• Diarrhea (with magnesium-containing antacids)
• Calcium carbonate may cause gas or belching

Drug Interactions

Antacids may interact with other medications, including:

• Tetracycline antibiotics
• Fluoroquinolone antibiotics
• Iron supplements
• Some heart medications

Study Guide

To study antacids effectively, consider the following key points:

1. Understand the mechanism of action of antacids and how they neutralize stomach acid.
2. Memorize the commonly used antacids and their respective chemical compositions.
3. Be familiar with the indications for using antacids and the symptoms they are meant to relieve.
4. Review the potential side effects of antacids and the factors that may contribute to their occurrence.
5. Learn about the drug interactions associated with antacids and the potential consequences of these interactions.

Remember to consult with a healthcare professional for specific medical advice and guidance related to the use of antacids.