Homo habilis

Homo habilis is an extinct species of the genus Homo, which lived approximately 2.4 - 1.4 million years ago in the Early Pleistocene of East Africa. The species is considered to be one of the earliest members of the human genus. Homo habilis is known for its tool-making abilities, which is reflected in its name, which means "handy man" or "skillful person."

Physical Characteristics

Homo habilis had a relatively larger brain and smaller face and teeth compared to earlier hominin species. The species had a more human-like gait and limb proportions, indicating the beginnings of bipedalism. The brain size of Homo habilis ranged from approximately 510 to 750 cc, which is larger than earlier Australopithecus species but smaller than later Homo species.

Tool Usage

Homo habilis is known for its stone tool technology, which represents a significant technological advancement in human evolution. The tools associated with Homo habilis, known as Oldowan tools, were used for cutting, scraping, and pounding. These tools were likely used for processing meat and plant materials, as well as for other activities essential for survival.

Behavior and Habitat

It is believed that Homo habilis was a scavenger and an opportunistic hunter, utilizing its tool-making abilities to access and process resources. The species likely inhabited a variety of environments, including woodlands, grasslands, and lake shores in East Africa.

Study Guide

1. What is the meaning of the species name "Homo habilis"?
2. Describe the physical characteristics of Homo habilis.
3. What is the significance of the Oldowan tools associated with Homo habilis?
4. Discuss the possible dietary behaviors of Homo habilis.
5. Where and when did Homo habilis live?
6. Compare the brain size of Homo habilis with other early hominin species.