Chromium

Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is a hard, silvery metal that is found in the earth's crust. Chromium is known for its ability to resist tarnishing and corrosion, making it a valuable material in the manufacturing of stainless steel and other alloys.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Chromium has a high melting point of 1907°C and a boiling point of 2671°C. It is a transition metal, which means it can form multiple oxidation states. In its most stable oxidation state, chromium is found in the form of chromite ore (FeCr₂O₄).

Biological Significance

In biology, chromium is an essential trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It is required for the proper function of insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Chromium is also involved in lipid metabolism and is thought to have potential benefits in managing diabetes and obesity.

Environmental Impact

Chromium and its compounds can have detrimental effects on the environment. Hexavalent chromium, in particular, is a toxic form of the element that can contaminate soil and water. It is important to handle and dispose of chromium-containing materials properly to minimize environmental impact.

Study Guide

1. What is the chemical symbol for chromium?
2. What is the primary use of chromium in industry?
3. Explain the biological significance of chromium.
4. What is hexavalent chromium, and why is it important to handle it with care?
5. Discuss the physical and chemical properties of chromium.
6. How does chromium play a role in glucose metabolism?
7. What precautions should be taken to minimize the environmental impact of chromium?