Spleen: Structure and Function

The spleen is a vital organ of the lymphatic system located in the upper left part of the abdomen, behind the stomach and below the diaphragm. It is the largest secondary lymphoid organ in the body and plays a crucial role in immune function and blood filtration.

Structure of the Spleen

The spleen is divided into two main types of tissue: white pulp and red pulp. The white pulp contains lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) and is involved in immune responses. The red pulp consists of venous sinuses and splenic cords, and is responsible for filtering the blood and removing old or damaged red blood cells.

Functions of the Spleen

The spleen has several important functions:

• Immune Function: The white pulp of the spleen is involved in immune responses, including the production of antibodies and the activation of T-lymphocytes to fight infections.
• Blood Filtration: The red pulp of the spleen filters the blood, removing old or abnormal red blood cells, as well as foreign particles and microorganisms.
• Red Blood Cell Storage: The spleen serves as a reservoir for red blood cells, releasing them into the bloodstream when needed, such as during times of increased demand or in response to bleeding.

Study Guide for the Spleen

When studying the spleen, it's important to focus on the following key points:

1. Location of the spleen in the body
2. Structure of the spleen, including the white pulp and red pulp
3. Functions of the spleen, such as immune function, blood filtration, and red blood cell storage
4. Common disorders or conditions affecting the spleen, such as splenomegaly (enlarged spleen) or splenic rupture
5. Importance of the spleen in overall immune function and blood health

Understanding the structure and function of the spleen is essential for grasping its role in the body's overall immune system and physiological processes.