Potassium

Potassium is a chemical element with the symbol K and atomic number 19. It belongs to the alkali metal group of the periodic table. Potassium is a soft, silvery-white metal that reacts violently with water and air. It is essential for the proper functioning of the human body and has various industrial applications.

Properties of Potassium:

• Atomic Symbol: K
• Atomic Number: 19
• Atomic Mass: 39.10 u
• Physical State at Room Temperature: Solid
• Melting Point: 63.38°C
• Boiling Point: 759°C
• Density: 0.862 g/cm³
• Electron Configuration: [Ar] 4s¹

Uses of Potassium:

Potassium has various important uses, including:

• As a fertilizer in the form of potassium chloride (KCl) or potassium nitrate (KNO₃).
• In the production of soaps and detergents.
• As a component in certain types of glass and ceramics.
• In the pharmaceutical industry for medicinal purposes.
• As a coolant in nuclear reactors.

Biological Importance:

Potassium is a crucial element for the human body. It plays a vital role in maintaining proper nerve function, muscle control, and blood pressure. Potassium deficiency can lead to various health issues, including muscle weakness, cramps, and abnormal heart rhythms.

Study Guide:

If you are studying potassium, here are some key points to focus on:

• The physical and chemical properties of potassium.
• The uses of potassium in industry and everyday life.
• The biological importance of potassium and its role in the human body.
• The historical significance of potassium discovery and its place in the periodic table.

Understanding the properties and importance of potassium is crucial for anyone studying chemistry or related fields.

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