Magnesium

Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column of the periodic table: all group 2 elements have the same electron configuration in the outer electron shell and a similar crystal structure.

Properties of Magnesium

• Symbol: Mg
• Atomic Number: 12
• Atomic Mass: 24.305
• Physical State at Room Temperature: Solid
• Color: Shiny Gray
• Melting Point: 650°C (1202°F)
• Boiling Point: 1090°C (1994°F)
• Density: 1.738 g/cm³
• Electron Configuration: [Ne] 3s²

Uses of Magnesium

Magnesium is a crucial element in the human body and is involved in over 300 biochemical reactions. It is used in various industries including aerospace, automotive, and medical. Magnesium compounds are used medicinally as common laxatives, antacids (e.g., milk of magnesia), and in a number of situations where stabilization of abnormal nerve excitation and blood vessel spasm is required (e.g., to treat eclampsia).

Chemical Properties of Magnesium

Magnesium is a highly reactive metal and reacts with acids and water to form hydrogen gas. It burns with a brilliant white light and is used in flash photography, flares, and fireworks. It forms compounds with a variety of nonmetals, such as carbon and sulfur. Magnesium also reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide when it is burnt, a process that is so exothermic that it releases a great amount of light, so much so that it is used in flares and fireworks.

Study Guide

1. What is the atomic number of magnesium?
2. What are the physical properties of magnesium?
3. What are the uses of magnesium?
4. How does magnesium react with acids and water?
5. Why is magnesium used in flares and fireworks?

[Magnesium] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

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