Acids

An acid is a type of chemical substance that donates protons or hydrogen ions in a chemical reaction. Acids are commonly found in various household items such as vinegar, citrus fruits, and battery acid. They can be classified as strong acids, which completely dissociate in water, or weak acids, which only partially dissociate.

Properties of Acids

Acids have a sour taste
They turn blue litmus paper red
They react with metals to produce hydrogen gas
They neutralize bases

Common Acids

Some common acids include:

Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
Nitric acid (HNO3)
Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
Citric acid (found in citrus fruits)

Acid-Base Reactions

Acids react with bases to form salt and water in a process known as neutralization. The general form of a neutralization reaction is:

acid + base → salt + water

pH Scale

The pH scale is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. Acids have a pH lower than 7, with lower pH values indicating stronger acids.

Studying Acids

When studying acids, it's important to understand their properties, common examples, reactions, and the pH scale. Practice identifying acids in everyday products and understanding their behavior in various chemical reactions.

◂Chemistry Worksheets and Study Guides High School. Elements - Set I

The resources above cover the following skills:

PHYSICAL SCIENCE (NGSS)

Matter and Its Interactions

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.

Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the bulk scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles.