Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, is a compound made up of sodium and chlorine ions. It has the chemical formula NaCl and is a crucial part of our daily lives, being used for seasoning food, preserving food, and in various industrial processes.

Properties of Sodium Chloride:

Physical State: Sodium chloride is a crystalline solid at room temperature.
Solubility: It is highly soluble in water, and the resulting solution is known as saline solution.
Melting and Boiling Point: Sodium chloride has a high melting point of 801°C and a boiling point of 1465°C.
Conductivity: In its solid state, sodium chloride does not conduct electricity. However, in its molten or dissolved state, it can conduct electricity.

Chemical Properties:

When dissolved in water, sodium chloride dissociates into its constituent ions, Na+ and Cl-. This makes it an electrolyte, allowing it to conduct electricity when dissolved.

Uses of Sodium Chloride:

As a food seasoning
As a food preservative
In the production of chlorine and sodium hydroxide
In water treatment and desalination processes
In the production of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals

Study Guide Questions:

What is the chemical formula of sodium chloride?
What are the physical properties of sodium chloride?
How does sodium chloride behave when dissolved in water?
What are the uses of sodium chloride?
Why is sodium chloride considered an electrolyte?

Feel free to use this study guide to test your knowledge and understanding of sodium chloride. Good luck with your studies!

◂Chemistry Worksheets and Study Guides High School. Elements - Set I

The resources above cover the following skills:

PHYSICAL SCIENCE (NGSS)

Matter and Its Interactions

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.

Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the bulk scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles.