Rainbow
A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun.
Formation of a Rainbow
When sunlight passes through raindrops in the atmosphere, it is refracted or bent, and then reflected inside the raindrop. This combination of refraction and reflection causes the different colors of sunlight to spread out, creating the beautiful spectrum of colors that we see in a rainbow.
Study Guide
Here are some key points to remember about rainbows:
- Rainbows are formed by the reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light in water droplets.
- Rainbows appear in the section of the sky opposite the sun.
- The colors of the rainbow appear in the following order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet (ROYGBIV).
- Double rainbows are formed when light undergoes two internal reflections within a water droplet.
- Rainbows can also be observed in mist, spray, and fog.
Real-life Applications
Understanding the formation of rainbows can be applied in various fields such as meteorology, optics, and even in art and design. It's important to understand the science behind rainbows to appreciate and utilize their beauty in different ways.
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