Properties of Sodium Hydroxide

1. Physical Properties: Sodium hydroxide is a white, solid compound at room temperature. It is highly soluble in water, and it readily absorbs moisture from the air, forming a highly caustic solution. It is also deliquescent, meaning it can absorb enough moisture from the air to dissolve itself.
2. Chemical Properties: Sodium hydroxide is a strong base and is highly reactive. It reacts exothermically with water, acids, and various other compounds. It is also known for its corrosive nature and is capable of causing severe burns upon contact with skin.
3. Uses: Sodium hydroxide is used in the production of various chemicals, soaps, and detergents. It is also used in the manufacturing of paper, textiles, and as a cleaning agent in household products. In addition, it plays a crucial role in the process of synthesizing various organic compounds in laboratories.

Study Guide for Sodium Hydroxide

Chemical Structure

Physical Properties

• Sodium hydroxide is a white, translucent solid at room temperature.
• It is highly soluble in water, and it readily absorbs moisture from the air.
• It is deliquescent, meaning it can absorb enough moisture from the air to dissolve itself.

Chemical Properties

• Sodium hydroxide is a strong base and is highly reactive.
• It reacts exothermically with water, acids, and various other compounds.
• It is known for its corrosive nature and can cause severe burns upon contact with skin.

Uses

• It is used in the production of various chemicals, soaps, and detergents.
• It is used in the manufacturing of paper, textiles, and as a cleaning agent in household products.
• It plays a crucial role in the process of synthesizing various organic compounds in laboratories.

Precautions

• Wear protective clothing, gloves, and goggles to prevent direct contact with the compound.
• Avoid inhaling the dust or mist of sodium hydroxide, as it can cause respiratory irritation.
• Store sodium hydroxide in a tightly sealed container away from moisture and incompatible substances.
• In case of accidental contact with skin or eyes, rinse with plenty of water and seek medical attention immediately.