Refraction

Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. This occurs because light travels at different speeds in different mediums.

Causes of Refraction

Refraction occurs due to the change in speed of light when it passes from one medium to another. The speed of light is different in materials with different densities, so when light enters a new medium, its speed changes, causing it to bend.

Refraction in Nature

Refraction is responsible for various natural phenomena such as the bending of a straw in a glass of water, the formation of rainbows, and the apparent bending of objects in water.

Refraction and Lenses

Refraction plays a crucial role in the functioning of lenses, such as those found in cameras, eyeglasses, and microscopes. The bending of light by lenses can be used to focus light to form images.

Refraction and the Atmosphere

The atmosphere can also cause refraction of light, leading to phenomena like mirages and the bending of starlight as it passes through the Earth's atmosphere.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about refraction:

• Define refraction and understand its causes.
• Be able to explain how refraction is responsible for natural phenomena and the functioning of lenses.
• Understand the effects of refraction in the atmosphere and its impact on the appearance of celestial objects.
• Practice solving problems involving the calculation of angles and distances in cases of refraction.
• Explore real-life examples of refraction and its applications in various technologies and industries.