Pollen

Pollen is a fine powder produced by the male parts of flowering plants. It is a crucial part of the reproductive process in plants, as it is responsible for carrying the male gametes to the female parts of the same or another flower for fertilization.

Structure of Pollen

Pollen grains have a unique structure that is adapted for dispersal and fertilization. Each grain is composed of a tough outer wall, called the exine, and a softer inner layer, called the intine. The outer wall is often intricately patterned and is made of a substance called sporopollenin, which makes pollen grains very resistant to decay and damage.

Pollen Dispersal

Pollen can be dispersed by various means, including wind, water, and animals. Some plants rely on the wind to carry their pollen to other flowers, while others use insects, birds, or other animals for pollination. The shape and size of pollen grains are often adapted to the method of dispersal used by the plant.

Importance of Pollen

Pollen is essential for the reproduction of flowering plants. It plays a crucial role in the formation of seeds and fruits, which are important for the survival and propagation of plant species. Additionally, pollen is a source of food for many animals, including bees, butterflies, and birds.

Study Guide Questions

1. What is the function of pollen in plants?
2. Describe the structure of a pollen grain.
3. Explain the different methods of pollen dispersal.
4. Why is pollen important for the survival of flowering plants?
5. How does pollen serve as a food source for animals?