Sodium
Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol Na and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal. Sodium is an essential element for human health and is found in many common compounds, such as table salt (sodium chloride) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).
Physical Properties
- Atomic Number: 11
- Atomic Mass: 22.989769 u
- Phase at Room Temperature: Solid
- Melting Point: 370.87°C (700.57°F)
- Boiling Point: 1156°C (2113°F)
- Density: 0.968 g/cm³
Chemical Properties
Sodium is a highly reactive metal and is not found freely in nature. It readily forms compounds with other elements, and it is known for its vigorous reaction with water.
Uses
Sodium has numerous industrial and commercial applications, including the production of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and metal alloys. It is also used in the manufacturing of soaps and detergents, as well as in the process of purifying molten metals.
Health Effects
Sodium is an essential nutrient for the human body, as it plays a critical role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance. However, excessive sodium intake has been linked to high blood pressure and other health issues. It is important to consume sodium in moderation as part of a balanced diet.
Study Guide
- What is the atomic number of sodium?
- Describe the physical properties of sodium.
- Explain the chemical reactivity of sodium.
- What are some common uses of sodium in industry?
- Discuss the health effects of sodium and the importance of consuming it in moderation.
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