Ureters

The ureters are long, narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. Each human has two ureters, one connected to each kidney. The ureters are an integral part of the urinary system and play a crucial role in the elimination of waste products from the body.

Structure of Ureters

• The ureters are approximately 25-30 cm long in adults and are about the diameter of a drinking straw.
• They consist of three layers: the inner mucosa, the middle muscular layer, and the outer fibrous layer.
• The muscular layer contracts in a coordinated manner to move urine from the kidneys to the bladder through peristaltic waves.

Function of Ureters

The primary function of the ureters is to transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The muscular wall of the ureters contracts and relaxes in response to the pressure of the urine, propelling it through the tubes and into the bladder. The valves at the junction of the ureters and bladder prevent the backflow of urine.

Disorders and Diseases

Several disorders and diseases can affect the ureters, including kidney stones, ureteral strictures, and ureteral obstructions. These conditions can lead to severe pain, urinary tract infections, and impaired kidney function.

Study Guide

When studying the ureters, it's essential to focus on their structure, function, and the disorders associated with them. Here are some key points to remember:

1. Describe the structure of the ureters, including the layers and their functions.
2. Explain the role of the ureters in the urinary system and the process of urine transport.
3. Identify common disorders and diseases of the ureters and their potential impacts on health.

Understanding the anatomy and function of the ureters is crucial for comprehending the overall urinary system and the body's mechanisms for waste elimination.