Dendrites

Dendrites are the branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit those signals to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron. They play a crucial role in the communication and processing of information within the nervous system.

Structure of Dendrites

Dendrites are characterized by their tree-like structure, with numerous branches extending from the cell body. These branches are covered in tiny projections called dendritic spines, which increase the surface area available for receiving signals from other neurons.

Function of Dendrites

When a signal is received by the dendrites, it causes changes in the electrical potential of the neuron, leading to the generation of a nerve impulse. This impulse then travels along the axon of the neuron to transmit the signal to other neurons or to an effector, such as a muscle or gland.

Study Guide

1. Describe the structure of dendrites and their function within a neuron.
2. Explain how dendritic spines contribute to the function of dendrites.
3. Discuss the role of dendrites in the communication and processing of information within the nervous system.
4. Compare and contrast the structure and function of dendrites with other components of a neuron, such as the axon and cell body.
5. Explore the importance of dendritic plasticity in learning and memory processes.