Duodenum Structure

The duodenum is a C-shaped structure, approximately 10 inches long, and is divided into four parts: the duodenal bulb, descending duodenum, horizontal duodenum, and ascending duodenum.

Function of the Duodenum

Digestion: The duodenum receives partially digested food from the stomach and mixes it with bile from the liver and digestive enzymes from the pancreas to further break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
Absorption: It is responsible for absorbing nutrients such as iron, calcium, and magnesium, as well as vitamins and other essential nutrients.
Neutralization: The duodenum neutralizes the acidic chyme from the stomach by secreting bicarbonate, creating a more favorable environment for the digestive enzymes to work.

Study Guide for Duodenum

When studying the duodenum, it is important to focus on the following key points:

Understanding the structure of the duodenum, including its four parts and their specific functions.
Exploring the role of the duodenum in the digestive process, including digestion, absorption, and neutralization of stomach acid.
Identifying the major digestive enzymes and hormones that are involved in the duodenal function, such as pancreatic enzymes and secretin.
Learning about common disorders or diseases that affect the duodenum, such as duodenal ulcers, and their potential causes and treatments.