Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic cells are complex cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. These cells are found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists. Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus and organelles.

Main Features of Eukaryotic Cells

• Nucleus: The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
• Membrane-bound Organelles: Eukaryotic cells contain various organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes.
• Cytoskeleton: Eukaryotic cells have a network of protein filaments that provide structural support and help with cell movement.
• Complex Structure: Eukaryotic cells have a more complex internal structure compared to prokaryotic cells.

Study Guide

Key Concepts

1. What are the main features of eukaryotic cells?
2. How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells?
3. What are some examples of eukaryotic organisms?

Important Terminology

Nucleus

The central membrane-bound organelle that contains the genetic material of a eukaryotic cell.

Organelles

Specialized structures within a eukaryotic cell that perform specific functions.

Cytoskeleton

A network of protein filaments that provides structural support and facilitates cell movement.

Test Yourself

1. What is the function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

2. Name two membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells and describe their functions.

3. How does the structure of a eukaryotic cell differ from that of a prokaryotic cell?

4. Provide examples of eukaryotic organisms.

5. Explain the role of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells.