Flagella

Flagella are whip-like structures found in cells that are used for movement. They are primarily found in single-celled organisms such as bacteria, as well as in certain eukaryotic cells such as sperm cells. The main function of flagella is to propel the cell through its environment.

Structure of Flagella:

Flagella are composed of a protein called flagellin, which forms a long, helical filament. The filament is attached to a motor structure embedded in the cell membrane, which provides the energy for the flagellum to move. The motor structure consists of a complex set of proteins that allow the flagellum to rotate and propel the cell.

Function of Flagella:

Flagella enable cells to move through liquid environments, such as water or bodily fluids. The rotation of the flagellum creates a propulsion force that drives the cell forward or allows it to change direction. In bacteria, flagella play a crucial role in their ability to move towards favorable environments and away from harmful ones, a behavior known as chemotaxis.

Study Guide:

1. What are flagella and where are they found?
2. Describe the structure of flagella.
3. What is the main function of flagella?
4. How do flagella enable cells to move?
5. Explain the role of flagella in bacterial movement.

Use this study guide to review the key concepts of flagella and their importance in cell movement and chemotaxis. Understanding the structure and function of flagella will provide insight into the behavior and survival strategies of various organisms.