Introduction to Geology

• Definition of geology
• Branches of geology (e.g., physical geology, historical geology, environmental geology)
• Importance of geology in understanding Earth processes and natural hazards

Earth's Structure and Composition

• Layers of the Earth (crust, mantle, core)
• Rock types (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic)
• Minerals and their properties

Plate Tectonics

• Explanation of plate tectonics theory
• Types of plate boundaries (e.g., divergent, convergent, transform)
• Geological features associated with plate tectonics (e.g., mountains, earthquakes, volcanoes)

Earth's History

• Geological time scale
• Fossils and their significance in dating rocks and understanding past environments
• Major events in Earth's history (e.g., mass extinctions, ice ages)

Weathering and Erosion

• Processes of weathering and erosion
• Landforms created by these processes (e.g., canyons, caves, valleys)
• Human impact on weathering and erosion

Natural Resources

• Types of natural resources (e.g., minerals, fossil fuels, water)
• Formation and extraction of natural resources
• Sustainable use of natural resources

Environmental Geology

• Geology's role in addressing environmental issues (e.g., land degradation, pollution, climate change)
• Geological hazards and risk assessment
• Strategies for mitigating geological hazards