Hydrological Cycle

The hydrological cycle, also known as the water cycle, is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. It involves the processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff, and is vital for the existence of life on Earth.

Key Processes of the Hydrological Cycle:

1. Evaporation: The process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas (water vapor) and enters the atmosphere.
2. Condensation: The process by which water vapor in the atmosphere cools and changes back into liquid water, forming clouds.
3. Precipitation: When water droplets in clouds become heavy enough, they fall to the Earth's surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
4. Runoff: The movement of water over the Earth's surface and into bodies of water, such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, after precipitation.

Importance of the Hydrological Cycle:

The hydrological cycle plays a crucial role in maintaining Earth's ecosystems and supporting life. It helps in replenishing freshwater sources, distributing heat around the globe, and influencing weather patterns. Additionally, it is essential for agriculture, industry, and the overall functioning of the natural environment.

Study Tips:

• Understand the key processes of the hydrological cycle: evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.
• Learn about the factors that influence the rate of evaporation and condensation, such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed.
• Explore the impact of human activities on the hydrological cycle, including deforestation, urbanization, and pollution.
• Study diagrams and illustrations of the hydrological cycle to visualize the movement of water through the environment.
• Review real-life examples of the hydrological cycle in action, such as the formation of clouds, rainfall patterns, and water distribution on Earth.