Moon

The moon is Earth's only natural satellite and is the fifth largest moon in the solar system. Its gravitational influence produces the ocean tides, stabilizes Earth's axial tilt, and gradually slows Earth's rotation.

Formation

The most widely accepted theory is that the moon formed from the debris left over after a giant impact between Earth and a Mars-sized body called Theia early in Earth's history.

Phases of the Moon

The moon goes through a series of phases as it orbits the Earth. These phases include new moon, first quarter, full moon, and last quarter.

Moon's Surface

The moon's surface is covered in craters, mountains, valleys, and plains. The darker areas are called maria, which are large, flat plains formed by ancient volcanic eruptions.

Exploration

The first human landing on the moon was by the Apollo 11 mission in 1969. Since then, several other missions have visited the moon, and there are plans for future manned missions as well.

Study Guide

1. What is the moon's gravitational influence on Earth?
2. What are the phases of the moon and how do they occur?
3. What are the major surface features of the moon?
4. Describe the theory of how the moon formed.
5. What are some of the key milestones in the exploration of the moon?

[Moon] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

• The Sun-Earth-Moon SystemScience • Seventh Grade