Reproductive System
The reproductive system is a collection of internal and external organs that work together to facilitate the creation of new life. It is responsible for the production of gametes (sperm in males and eggs in females), the transportation of gametes, and the development and nurturing of offspring.
Male Reproductive System
The male reproductive system includes the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra, prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and penis. The testes produce sperm and the male sex hormone, testosterone. Sperm mature in the epididymis and are then transported through the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct and urethra during ejaculation.
Female Reproductive System
The female reproductive system includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and vagina. The ovaries produce eggs and the female sex hormones, estrogen, and progesterone. During ovulation, an egg is released from the ovary and travels through the fallopian tube to the uterus. If fertilization occurs, the fertilized egg implants in the uterus and develops into a fetus.
Reproductive Processes
Reproduction involves the processes of gametogenesis, fertilization, and embryonic development. Gametogenesis is the production of gametes through meiosis. Fertilization occurs when a sperm cell penetrates and fuses with an egg cell, forming a zygote. The zygote undergoes mitotic divisions and develops into an embryo, which eventually grows into a fetus within the uterus.
Study Guide
- What are the primary functions of the reproductive system?
- Describe the structures and functions of the male reproductive system.
- Explain the process of sperm production and ejaculation.
- Identify the structures and functions of the female reproductive system.
- Outline the stages of the menstrual cycle and ovulation.
- Discuss the process of fertilization and embryonic development.
- Compare and contrast the male and female reproductive systems.
By studying these topics, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of the human reproductive system and its biological processes.
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