Paleogene

The Paleogene is a geological period that extends from about 66 million to 23 million years ago. It is divided into three epochs: the Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene. This period is part of the larger Cenozoic era, which is often referred to as the "Age of Mammals" due to the diversification and dominance of mammals during this time.

Key Events and Characteristics

• Climate: The Paleogene was marked by significant climatic changes, including the transition from a greenhouse to an icehouse climate. This transition had a profound impact on the evolution of plant and animal species.
• Flora and Fauna: The Paleogene saw the diversification of flowering plants and the emergence of modern mammal groups, including primates, whales, and horses. It was also a time of significant radiation of birds and the spread of grasslands.
• Geological Events: The Paleogene was characterized by tectonic activity, including the opening of the North Atlantic Ocean and the collision of the Indian subcontinent with Asia, leading to the formation of the Himalayan mountain range.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to focus on when studying the Paleogene:

1. Describe the major climatic shifts that occurred during the Paleogene and their impact on the Earth's ecosystems.
2. Identify and discuss the key evolutionary developments in plant and animal species during the Paleogene.
3. Explain the significance of tectonic events, such as the opening of the North Atlantic Ocean and the formation of the Himalayas, during this period.
4. Compare and contrast the Paleogene with other geological periods, such as the Mesozoic era that preceded it and the Neogene era that followed it.

By understanding these key events and characteristics, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of the Paleogene and its significance in Earth's history.