Chemical Oceanography

Chemical oceanography is the study of the composition and behavior of the chemical elements within the Earth's oceans. It encompasses a wide range of topics including the distribution of elements and compounds, the cycles of key nutrients, and the impact of human activities on ocean chemistry.

Key Concepts

• Salinity and the composition of seawater
• Biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, and other elements
• Ocean acidification and its effects on marine organisms
• Chemical pollutants and their impact on marine ecosystems

Study Guide

1. Salinity and the Composition of Seawater

Learn about the factors that influence the salinity of seawater, such as evaporation, precipitation, and river runoff. Understand the major ions present in seawater and their contributions to overall salinity.

2. Biogeochemical Cycles

Study the cycles of key elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the ocean. Understand the processes involved in these cycles, including photosynthesis, respiration, and nutrient uptake by marine organisms.

3. Ocean Acidification

Explore the concept of ocean acidification and its causes, including the uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide by the ocean. Learn about the impacts of ocean acidification on marine life, particularly on organisms with calcium carbonate shells or skeletons.

4. Chemical Pollutants

Examine the sources and effects of chemical pollutants in the ocean, such as heavy metals, oil spills, and plastic debris. Understand the mechanisms by which these pollutants can enter marine food webs and impact ecosystems.

Recommended Resources

• Textbook: "Chemical Oceanography" by Frank J. Millero
• Scientific Journals: Journal of Marine Chemistry, Marine Chemistry, Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography
• Online Resources: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Ocean Acidification Program, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO

[Chemical Oceanography] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

• Exploring the Oceans/OceanographyScience • Seventh Grade