Spandex: An Overview

Spandex, also known as elastane or Lycra, is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. It is a polyurethane-polyurea copolymer that was invented in 1958 by chemist Joseph Shivers at DuPont's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia. Spandex is often used in the production of a wide range of clothing including athletic wear, swimwear, and compression garments due to its stretchiness and ability to retain its shape.

Key Characteristics of Spandex

• Elasticity: Spandex is highly elastic, with the ability to stretch up to 5 times its original length and then return to its original shape.
• Durability: It is known for its durability and resistance to abrasion, making it suitable for activewear.
• Comfort: Spandex provides a comfortable and form-fitting feel, making it popular in clothing designed for physical activity.
• Moisture Management: Many spandex blends offer moisture-wicking properties, aiding in sweat evaporation during physical activities.

Applications of Spandex

Spandex is widely used in the production of:

• Activewear and sportswear
• Swimwear and wetsuits
• Compression garments and shapewear
• Undergarments
• Medical bandages

Study Guide

To study spandex effectively, consider the following topics:

1. Chemical Structure: Understand the chemical composition and structure of spandex, including its polyurethane-polyurea copolymer makeup.
2. Properties: Familiarize yourself with the unique properties of spandex, such as elasticity, durability, and moisture management.
3. Manufacturing Process: Learn about the manufacturing process of spandex fibers, including the spinning and extrusion methods used.
4. Applications: Explore the various applications of spandex in clothing and other industries, and understand the benefits it offers in each application.
5. Maintenance: Investigate the proper care and maintenance of spandex-containing garments, including washing and storage guidelines.

By mastering these topics, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of spandex and its significance in the textile industry.