Stratosphere

The stratosphere is the second layer of Earth's atmosphere, situated above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. It extends from about 10 kilometers (6 miles) to 50 kilometers (31 miles) above the Earth's surface. The stratosphere is characterized by its relatively stable and dry air, as well as its temperature profile, which shows a slight increase with altitude due to the presence of the ozone layer.

Key Features of the Stratosphere:

Ozone Layer: The stratosphere contains a higher concentration of ozone molecules, which form the ozone layer. This layer plays a crucial role in absorbing the majority of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, protecting life on Earth.
Temperature Profile: Unlike the troposphere, where temperature decreases with altitude, the stratosphere's temperature actually increases with altitude. This is due to the absorption of UV radiation by the ozone layer, leading to the heating of the stratospheric air.
Stratospheric Winds: The stratosphere is characterized by strong, westerly winds known as the polar vortex and the subtropical jet stream. These winds play a role in shaping global weather patterns.

Study Guide:

Here are some key concepts and questions to consider when studying the stratosphere:

Describe the composition of the stratosphere and the significance of the ozone layer.
Explain the temperature profile of the stratosphere and the mechanisms that contribute to its unique temperature characteristics.
Discuss the role of stratospheric winds in shaping global weather patterns and their impact on climate.
Compare and contrast the stratosphere with the troposphere in terms of temperature, composition, and weather phenomena.
Explore the implications of human activities, such as the release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), on the stability of the ozone layer and the stratosphere as a whole.

Understanding the stratosphere is essential for comprehending Earth's atmospheric dynamics, climate processes, and the interconnectedness of environmental systems.