Fertilization

Fertilization is the process by which a sperm cell from a male joins with an egg cell from a female to form a new organism. In humans, fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tubes of the female reproductive system.

Process of Fertilization

1. Release of Egg: During ovulation, a mature egg is released from the ovary and travels into the fallopian tube.
2. Entry of Sperm: Sperm released into the female reproductive system during sexual intercourse travel through the cervix and into the fallopian tube.
3. Fusion of Egg and Sperm: When a sperm reaches the egg, it penetrates the egg's outer layer and fuses with the egg, leading to the formation of a zygote.
4. Cell Division: The zygote undergoes rapid cell division, forming an embryo.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about fertilization:

• The process of fertilization results in the formation of a zygote, which is the first stage of a new organism.
• Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tubes of the female reproductive system.
• Both the egg and sperm contribute genetic material to the zygote, determining the characteristics of the new organism.
• After fertilization, the zygote undergoes cell division to form an embryo, which will eventually develop into a new individual.

Understanding the process of fertilization is important in the study of reproduction and the development of new organisms.

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