Stem

The stem is a part of the plant that serves as a support structure, connecting the roots to the leaves and flowers. It also transports water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant.

Parts of a Stem:

• Node: A point on the stem where leaves, branches, or other stems are attached.
• Internode: The section of the stem between two nodes.
• Bud: A small growth on the stem that can develop into leaves, flowers, or new stems.
• Apical Meristem: The growing tip of the stem that allows the plant to increase in height.

Functions of the Stem:

1. Support: The stem holds up the plant and keeps it upright.
2. Transportation: It transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves and flowers, and also transports sugars produced during photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
3. Storage: Some stems store food and water for the plant.
4. Reproduction: Stems can produce new plants through processes such as runners or rhizomes.

Study Guide:

Here are some key points to remember when studying the stem:

1. Identify and label the parts of a stem including nodes, internodes, buds, and apical meristem.
2. Understand the functions of the stem in supporting the plant, transporting materials, and storing nutrients.
3. Learn about the different types of stems and how they contribute to plant reproduction and growth.
4. Observe and describe stems of various plants to understand their diversity and adaptations.