Homo Erectus

Homo erectus is an extinct species of archaic humans that lived throughout much of the Pleistocene epoch. They are believed to have appeared about 2 million years ago and are considered to be the first hominids to have migrated out of Africa. Here's a study guide to help you understand Homo erectus better:

Physical Characteristics

• Large brow ridges
• Thick skull bones
• Long, low skull
• Sloping forehead
• Large, projecting face
• Robust build

Tools and Technology

Homo erectus is associated with the Acheulean stone tool industry, which includes the use of handaxes and cleavers. They were the first hominids to consistently make and use complex tools, indicating a higher level of cognitive ability.

Migrations

Homo erectus is believed to have been the first hominid to migrate out of Africa, with fossil evidence found in Asia and Europe. This migration is a significant milestone in human evolution, as it demonstrates the ability of early humans to adapt to and colonize diverse environments.

Behavior and Lifestyle

Based on archaeological evidence, Homo erectus is believed to have been a hunter-gatherer, using tools to hunt and butcher animals and gather plant foods. They are also thought to have used fire for cooking and warmth, as evidenced by the presence of charred bones and hearths at some Homo erectus sites.

Extinction

Homo erectus went extinct about 143,000 years ago, possibly due to competition with or being outcompeted by other hominid species such as Homo sapiens. The exact reasons for their extinction are still debated among researchers.

Studying Homo erectus provides valuable insights into the evolutionary history of humans and the development of key traits and behaviors that distinguish us from our early ancestors.