Phospholipids are a class of lipids that are a major component of all cell membranes. They are made up of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acid chains, a phosphate group, and a polar head group.
The structure of a phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic (water-repelling) tails. The head is made up of a phosphate group and a polar molecule, while the tails are made up of fatty acid chains.
Phospholipids play a crucial role in the structure and function of cell membranes. The arrangement of phospholipids forms a lipid bilayer, with the hydrophilic heads facing outward towards the water-based environment, and the hydrophobic tails facing inward, away from the water.