Cartilage

Cartilage is a flexible, semi-rigid connective tissue found in various parts of the body. It is made up of specialized cells called chondrocytes, which are surrounded by a firm gel-like substance called the extracellular matrix. Cartilage is essential for providing support and structure to the body, especially in areas where flexibility and resilience are needed.

Types of Cartilage:

1. Hyaline Cartilage: Found in the nose, respiratory passages, and at the ends of long bones, providing a smooth surface for joint movement.
2. Elastic Cartilage: Contains elastic fibers and is found in the external ear and parts of the larynx, allowing for flexibility and maintaining shape.
3. Fibrocartilage: Contains strong collagen fibers and is found in the intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, and in certain tendons, providing support and cushioning.

Functions of Cartilage:

• Support: Provides a framework for various body structures.
• Protection: Acts as a cushion for joints and prevents bone-to-bone contact.
• Growth: Contributes to the growth of long bones in children by serving as a template for bone formation.
• Flexibility: Allows for smooth movement of joints and maintains the shape of certain structures.

Study Guide:

When studying cartilage, it's important to understand its structure, types, functions, and locations in the body. Here are some key points to focus on:

1. Identify the three types of cartilage and their respective locations in the body.
2. Explain the role of chondrocytes and the extracellular matrix in cartilage function.
3. Describe how cartilage supports, protects, and provides flexibility in the body.
4. Compare and contrast the properties of hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage.
5. Discuss the importance of cartilage in bone growth and development.

Understanding the significance of cartilage in the body and its various functions will provide a solid foundation for further exploration of this essential tissue.