Methane

Methane is a chemical compound with the molecular formula CH4. It is a colorless, odorless gas and is the simplest alkane and the main component of natural gas. Here are some key points to understand about methane:

Properties of Methane:

• Methane is a non-polar molecule, which means it does not have a positive or negative end, and it is not soluble in water.
• It is lighter than air and has a specific gravity of 0.554, which means it will float in the atmosphere.
• Methane is flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air when it reaches a concentration of 5-15% in the air.

Sources of Methane:

Methane is produced through both natural and human activities. Some of the main sources include:

• Natural sources such as wetlands, termites, oceans, and volcanoes.
• Human activities including the production and transport of coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as livestock farming and waste management.

Uses of Methane:

Methane has various applications, including:

• As a fuel for heating and cooking.
• As a feedstock in the production of chemicals such as ammonia, methanol, and hydrogen.
• As a source of energy in power generation.

Environmental Impact:

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, and its release into the atmosphere contributes to global warming and climate change. It has a much higher global warming potential than carbon dioxide over a 20-year period, although it has a shorter atmospheric lifetime.

Study Guide Questions:

1. What is the molecular formula of methane?
2. What are the natural sources of methane?
3. What are the properties of methane that make it a useful fuel?
4. How does the release of methane impact the environment?
5. What are the main human activities that contribute to methane emissions?