What is an Ecosystem?

An ecosystem is a complex web of interactions between living organisms (plants, animals, and microorganisms) and their physical environment (soil, water, and air).

Components of an Ecosystem

• Abiotic factors: These are non-living components of the ecosystem, such as sunlight, temperature, water, soil, and air.
• Biotic factors: These are living components of the ecosystem, including plants, animals, and microorganisms.

Types of Ecosystems

Ecosystems can be classified into various types, such as:

• Terrestrial ecosystems: These are land-based ecosystems, such as forests, grasslands, deserts, and tundra.
• Aquatic ecosystems: These are water-based ecosystems, including freshwater (ponds, lakes, rivers) and marine (oceans, coral reefs) ecosystems.

Interactions in Ecosystems

Within an ecosystem, organisms interact in various ways:

• Food chains and webs: These show the flow of energy and nutrients from one organism to another within the ecosystem.
• Symbiotic relationships: Organisms can engage in mutualistic, commensal, or parasitic relationships with each other, affecting their survival and reproduction.
• Competition: Organisms may compete for resources such as food, water, and shelter.

Human Impact on Ecosystems

Human activities can have both positive and negative impacts on ecosystems, including deforestation, pollution, habitat destruction, and conservation efforts.

[Ecosystem] Related Worksheets and Study Guides:

• Water HabitatsScience • Second Grade
• What are Ecosystems?Science • Third Grade
• Energy and ecosystemsScience • Fifth Grade