Excretory System

The excretory system is responsible for removing waste and excess materials from the body. It includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Kidneys

The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located on either side of the spine, just below the ribcage. They filter waste products from the blood to form urine, which is then carried to the bladder through the ureters.

Ureters

The ureters are narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. They use peristalsis, a series of muscle contractions, to move the urine along.

Bladder

The bladder is a hollow, muscular organ that stores urine until it is ready to be expelled from the body.

Urethra

The urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. In males, it also serves as the pathway for semen during ejaculation.

Functions of the Excretory System

• Regulation of water and electrolyte balance
• Removal of metabolic waste products such as urea and creatinine
• Regulation of blood pressure
• Production of erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about the excretory system:

1. What are the main organs of the excretory system?
2. What is the function of the kidneys?
3. How is urine transported from the kidneys to the bladder?
4. What is the function of the bladder?
5. What is the role of the urethra?
6. What are the main functions of the excretory system?

Understanding the excretory system is important for maintaining overall health and well-being. Knowing how the body eliminates waste products can help in making healthy lifestyle choices.