Neogene Period

The Neogene Period is the second of two periods within the Cenozoic Era. It spans from about 23 million years ago to 2.6 million years ago. The Neogene is further divided into two epochs: the Miocene and the Pliocene.

Miocene Epoch

The Miocene Epoch lasted from about 23 million years ago to 5.3 million years ago. During this time, the Earth's climate continued to cool, leading to the development of grasslands and the spread of grazing mammals. The Miocene also saw the diversification of early apes and the emergence of many modern mammal families.

Pliocene Epoch

The Pliocene Epoch lasted from about 5.3 million years ago to 2.6 million years ago. This epoch saw the continued evolution of mammals, including the appearance of early hominids. It also marked the closing of the Central American Seaway, allowing for the exchange of species between North and South America.