Paleogene

The Paleogene is a geologic period that spans from 66 million years ago to 23 million years ago. It is part of the Cenozoic era and is known for significant changes in Earth's climate, as well as the diversification of mammals and birds.

Key Events and Characteristics

• Climate Change: The Paleogene saw a significant cooling of the Earth's climate, leading to the formation of polar ice caps and a decrease in global temperatures.
• Evolution of Mammals: This period witnessed the diversification and expansion of mammals, including the emergence of many modern mammal groups.
• Geological Changes: The breakup of the supercontinent Pangea continued during the Paleogene, leading to the formation of modern continents and ocean basins.
• Extinction Events: The Paleogene is marked by the extinction of many groups of marine organisms, particularly at the boundary between the Paleocene and Eocene epochs.

Study Guide

1. Describe the major climate changes that occurred during the Paleogene and their impact on the Earth.
2. Explain the significance of the diversification of mammals during this period and provide examples of mammal groups that emerged.
3. Discuss the geological changes that took place during the Paleogene, including the breakup of Pangea and its effects on Earth's landmasses.
4. Identify and describe the extinction events that occurred in the Paleogene, particularly at the boundary between the Paleocene and Eocene epochs.
5. Compare and contrast the Paleogene with other geologic periods within the Cenozoic era, such as the Neogene.

Studying the Paleogene period provides valuable insights into the geological, biological, and climatic changes that shaped the Earth's history during this time. It also helps us understand the evolution of modern mammal and bird species, as well as the complex interplay between geological processes and environmental conditions.