Adrenal Medulla

The adrenal medulla is the inner part of the adrenal gland, which is located on top of the kidneys. The adrenal glands are responsible for producing hormones that help the body respond to stress and regulate metabolism.

Anatomy and Function

The adrenal medulla is made up of specialized cells called chromaffin cells, which are part of the sympathetic nervous system. These cells release hormones such as adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) in response to stress or excitement. These hormones play a crucial role in the body's "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate, dilating airways, and mobilizing glucose to provide energy for the body to respond to a perceived threat.

Regulation

The release of adrenaline and noradrenaline from the adrenal medulla is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system, which is part of the autonomic nervous system. When the body experiences stress or a threat, the sympathetic nervous system signals the adrenal medulla to release these hormones, preparing the body for action.

Study Guide

1. What is the adrenal medulla and where is it located?
2. What are the specialized cells in the adrenal medulla called?
3. What hormones are released by the adrenal medulla?
4. What is the role of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the body?
5. How is the release of hormones from the adrenal medulla regulated?

Understanding the function of the adrenal medulla is essential for comprehending the body's response to stress and the regulation of important physiological processes.

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