Bases: An Explanation and Study Guide
In chemistry, bases are a class of compounds that have a pH greater than 7. They are the opposite of acids, which have a pH lower than 7. Bases are also known as alkalis and are commonly found in household products such as soaps and cleaning agents.
Properties of Bases
Some key properties of bases include:
- Taste: Bases often have a bitter taste.
- Feel: They feel slippery or soapy to the touch.
- Conductivity: Bases are electrolytes and can conduct electricity when dissolved in water.
- Reaction with Acids: Bases react with acids to form salts and water in a chemical reaction known as neutralization.
Common Bases
Some common bases include:
- Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): Found in drain cleaners and used in the production of soaps and detergents.
- Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2): Also known as slaked lime, it is used in cement and mortar production.
- Ammonia (NH3): Used in household cleaning products and as a fertilizer in agriculture.
Study Guide
Here are some key points to remember about bases:
Definition: Bases are compounds with a pH greater than 7.
Properties: Bases taste bitter, feel slippery, and can conduct electricity.
Common Bases: Sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and ammonia are examples of common bases.
Remember to always handle bases with care and follow safety guidelines when working with them in the laboratory or at home.
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