Homo Erectus

Homo erectus is an extinct species of archaic humans that lived throughout the Pleistocene epoch. They are considered to be one of the first human species to spread from Africa to other parts of the world. Here are some key points to remember about Homo erectus:

Physical Characteristics

• Had a larger braincase and more human-like facial features compared to earlier hominin species.
• Had a more modern body plan, with long legs and a relatively shorter arms compared to earlier ancestors.
• They were the first human species to have adapted to a hunter-gatherer lifestyle.

Geographical Distribution

• Homo erectus originated in Africa and later spread to parts of Asia and Europe.
• They were able to adapt to a variety of habitats, from tropical forests to savannas, which contributed to their widespread distribution.

Tool Use and Culture

• Homo erectus is associated with the Acheulean stone tool industry, characterized by the use of handaxes and cleavers.
• They were likely the first hominin species to use controlled fire, which enabled them to expand their diet and survive in a wider range of environments.

Study Guide Questions

1. What are some physical characteristics of Homo erectus that distinguish them from earlier hominin species?
2. Where did Homo erectus originate, and to which regions did they migrate?
3. What is the significance of the Acheulean stone tool industry in the cultural development of Homo erectus?
4. How did the ability to control fire impact the lifestyle of Homo erectus?