Structure

Flagella are composed of a protein called flagellin, which forms a helical structure. The flagellum is anchored to the cell by a basal body, which acts as a motor to drive the movement of the flagellum.

Function

Flagella enable cells to move by propelling them through liquid environments. The whip-like motion of the flagellum creates a force that drives the cell forward, allowing it to navigate its surroundings.

Types of Flagella

There are two main types of flagella: bacterial flagella and eukaryotic flagella. Bacterial flagella are helical filaments that rotate like a propeller, while eukaryotic flagella have a different internal structure and movement mechanism.

Flagella in Bacteria

In bacteria, flagella play a crucial role in chemotaxis, allowing the cells to move towards favorable environments and away from harmful substances. This movement is essential for the survival and growth of bacterial cells.

Flagella in Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic cells, such as sperm cells, use flagella for locomotion. The movement of eukaryotic flagella is driven by a complex system of microtubules and molecular motors, allowing for precise and coordinated movement.