Monsoons are caused by the temperature difference between land and sea. During the summer, land heats up faster than the ocean, creating a low-pressure area over the land. This draws moist air from the ocean, resulting in heavy rainfall. In winter, the process reverses as the land cools down more rapidly than the sea, leading to dry conditions.
Monsoons play a crucial role in the agricultural and economic activities of the regions they affect. The heavy rainfall during the wet season provides water for crops, while the dry season allows for harvesting and preparation for the next planting cycle. However, excessive rainfall can also lead to flooding, causing damage to homes, infrastructure, and agricultural lands.