Skeletal System

The skeletal system is the framework of bones and cartilage that provides support to the body, protects internal organs, and allows movement. It is made up of 206 bones in the adult human body and is divided into two main parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.

Axial Skeleton

The axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. These bones protect the brain, spinal cord, and vital organs such as the heart and lungs.

Appendicular Skeleton

The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the arms, legs, shoulders, and hips. These bones are involved in movement and support of the body.

Functions of the Skeletal System

• Support: The skeletal system provides a framework for the body and supports soft tissues.
• Protection: It protects vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs.
• Movement: Bones and joints allow for movement and flexibility.
• Production of Blood Cells: The bone marrow inside the bones produces red and white blood cells.
• Storage of Minerals: Bones store minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for the body.

Study Guide

1. What are the two main parts of the skeletal system?
   Answer: The axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
2. How many bones are there in the adult human body?
   Answer: 206 bones.
3. What is the function of the axial skeleton?
   Answer: It protects the brain, spinal cord, and vital organs.
4. Which part of the skeletal system is involved in movement and support of the body?
   Answer: The appendicular skeleton.
5. What are the functions of the skeletal system?
   Answer:
   • Support
   • Protection
   • Movement
   • Production of Blood Cells
   • Storage of Minerals