Graphite

Graphite is a naturally occurring form of carbon with a hexagonal crystal structure. It is a mineral that is soft and black, with a slippery feel. Graphite is a good conductor of electricity and heat, and it has a high melting point. It is commonly used in pencils, lubricants, and as a moderator in nuclear reactors.

Physical Properties

• Color: Black
• Hardness: 1-2 on the Mohs scale
• Conductivity: Good conductor of electricity and heat
• Melting Point: 3,550°C (6,422°F)

Uses of Graphite

Graphite has several important uses:

1. Pencils: The most well-known use of graphite is in pencils. The graphite core leaves a mark on paper as it is rubbed against the surface.
2. Lubricants: Graphite's slippery and dry lubricating properties make it useful in applications where traditional oils or greases cannot be used.
3. Nuclear Reactors: Graphite is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors to slow down the fast neutrons produced during fission reactions.

Study Guide

Here are some key points to remember about graphite:

1. What is the crystal structure of graphite?
2. What are the physical properties of graphite?
3. What are the uses of graphite?
4. How is graphite used in pencils?
5. What is the role of graphite in nuclear reactors?

Understanding the properties and uses of graphite can help you appreciate its importance in various industries and everyday applications.